Phosphogypsum Stack Reclamation Essay 5034 words Paperdue

Radiation and Phosphogypsum Both natural gypsum and phosphogypsum contain radioactivity but phosphogypsum contains more In the manufacture of phosphoric acid the acid is filtered through cloth to remove solids The radium is filtered out with the solids The solid portion is known as phosphogypsum

PDF Phosphogypsum Based Composite Binders

phosphogypsum in both urban and rural areas as potential building material It is interesting to note that building materials account for 70 75 per cent Tabl e I of l he total cost of construction 1 • Phosphogypsum is a by product or the phosphori c acid fe rtilizer plants which is available to the tunc of over mt/y in fndia

The maximum conversion rate of phosphogypsum to ammonium sulfate reaches 99 08% under these conditions the content of nitrogen in ammonium sulfate dry basis reaches the national standard grade index free acid sulfate acid reaches qualified standard The production of ammonium sulfate with phosphogypsum not only solve the problem of

Radioactivity of Phosphogypsum in South West of Spain DeepDyve

Phosphogypsum is the by product of producing phosphoric acid by reacting phosphate rock with sulphuric acid In the south west of Spain and near the town of Huelva there is a big industrial complex with some factories devoted to the production of phosphoric acid which produce annually 3 x 10 6 metric tonnes of phosphogypsum Of this amount 80% is stored in nearby sites named gyp stacks

Groups seek to have Biden EPA declare gypsum acid water in big St

Phosphogypsum is a byproduct of making phosphoric acid for agricultural fertilizer production but is laced with a variety of heavy metals as well as radioactive elements like radium 226 and

PDF Radiological impacts of natural radioactivity from phosphogypsum piles

KEYWORDS Natural radioactivity Phosphogypsum piles Dose assessment 1 Introduction Phosphoric acid is mainly obtained through the so called wet chemical treatment of phosphate rock which is a procedure well known to have associated high activities of natural radioactivity

Phosphate phosphoric acid and phosphogypsum natural radioactivity and

The radionuclides in phosphate rock have been redistributed unsymmetrically between phosphoric acid and phosphogypsum during the production process It is obvious that Ra contributing more

Where did the toxic water in Florida come from 2024

Officials said the 77 acre 31 hectare reservoir holds millions of gallons of water containing phosphorus and nitrogen from an old phosphate pond where the leak was found is in a stack of phosphogypsum a radioactive waste product from the manufacture of fertiliser

EPA approves use of radioactive phosphogypsum in roads reversing long

Phosphogypsum is a waste product formed when an acid solution is used to separate out the part of the rocks valuable for making fertilizer It contains more concentrated radioactivity

Guest Op/Ed Phosphogypsum and Radiation The Bradenton Times

Phosphogypsum stacks are located in Louisiana Idaho Illinois North Carolina Arkansas and Florida Phosphate companies have dumped in excess of 900 million tons of radioactive wastes in Florida and are producing over 30 million tons of phosphogypsum waste annually as the industry continues to expand its dumping operations

Detailed Data

The effective dose assigned to evaluate whole body health effects upon exposure to radioactivity and is employed exclusively for radiation protection Dose is shown in Sv sievert units The effective dose is calculated on the basis of the dose calculation method of the RP 122 European Commission assuming typical work environments

Removing clay and impurities from phosphogypsum LZZG

Its main composition is CaSO42H20 Unlike natural gypsum phosphogypsum contains phosphorus fluorine organic matter and a small amount of radioactive substances The residual phosphoric acid in the phosphogypsum makes the phosphogypsum acidic and the pH value is generally below

Phosphogypsum Stacks Florida Poly

To conveniently discuss common amounts of radioactivity such as that associated with phosphogypsum we often talk in terms of picocuries pCi A picocurie is one trillionth of a curie The activity is then related to a given mass or volume of material like a liter or a gram depending on whether the material is liquid solid or gas

Microstructure and Key Properties of Phosphogypsum Red Mud Slag

Due to the low content of silicon and aluminum in red mud and the low reaction activity of red mud when it was used to prepare composite cementitious materials it was necessary to assist other aluminosilicates and improve their activity by certain methods In this study it was proposed to add slag to increase the percentage of silicon and aluminum in the system and to improve the

TENORM is on the Regulatory Agenda in Multiple States

Evaluating the impacts of new or proposed regulations requires an understanding of the factors that generate TENORM in different types of waste as well as background levels of radioactivity TENORM content can vary considerably depending on the waste source pipe/tank scale waste phosphogypsum or combustion residuals

Phosphate phosphoric acid and phosphogypsum natural radioactivity and

The mean 238 U radioactivity in phosphate rock phosphoric acid and phosphogypsum samples were ± ± and ± respectively This indicates that phosphoric acid possess higher 238 U activity than the other samples which is attributed to the concentration of 238 U in phosphoric acid during the production process

Natural radioactivity in phosphates phosphogypsum and natural waters

Phosphogypsum PG is an acidic by product of the phosphate fertilizer industry and is produced in large quantities by the wet phosphoric acid process Most PG is sluiced out to repositories … 49 Determination of radium 226 in ores nuclear wastes and environmental samples by high resolution alpha spectrometry☆ C Sill Environmental Science 1987

EPA keeps public in dark about building roads from phosphate s

Since 1989 the Environmental Protection Agency has banned using that phosphogypsum waste for construction projects or anything else because it exceeds the level of radioactivity regarded as safe for humans With no other way to dispose of so much radioactive waste the industry stacks it in huge piles known as phosphogypsum stacks

Natural radioactivity in building materials in the European Union a

The authors set up a database of activity concentration measurements of natural radionuclides ²²⁶Ra ²³²Th and ⁴⁰K in building material It contains about 10 000 samples of both bulk material bricks concrete cement natural and phosphogypsum sedimentary and igneous bulk stones and superficia …

EPA Sued For Approving Radioactive Roads WUSF Public Media

For about three decades it s been the position at the EPA that a product called phosphogypsum — a radioactive waste that s left over from creating chemicals used for fertilizer — poses an unreasonable risk to public health if it were put into roads The substance produces radon gas a hazardous air pollutant

Dr Dahou CHAFIK Professeur abo bak Elkadiri LinkedIn

Background This work is devoted to study the removal of Zn II by phosphogypsum which is a waste from the manufacture of phosphoric acid Therefore we can use it in the removal of some impurities such as Zn II Our method is based on modeling the adsorption of Zn II on the phosphogypsum by the contribution of Langmuir Freundlich and

A radiological evaluation of phosphogypsum PubMed

Phosphogypsum is the by product resulting from phosphoric acid or phosphate fertilizer production The phosphate are used in these chemical processes contains the naturally occurring radioactive material U and all its subsequent decay products

Radioactivity of Phosphogypsum in South West of Spain

Abstract Phosphogypsum is the by product of producing phosphoric acid by reacting phosphate rock with sulphuric acid In the south west of Spain and near the town of Huelva there is a big industrial complex with some factories devoted to the production of phosphoric acid which produce annually 3 x 10 6 metric tonnes of phosphogypsum Of this amount 80% is stored in nearby sites named gyp

Impact of Phosphate Industry on Natural Radioactivity in Sediment

The analysis shows that the radioactivity of the raw phosphates was mainly attributed to the radionuclides of the uranium 238 U family that has a specific activity of approximately 1 264 Bq/kg The results revealed that the production of phosphoric acid H 3 PO 4 using the wet process has caused a dramatic radioactive imbalance in the 238 U

Scrap Articles ISRI

Radioactive scale and sludge on contaminated scrap also poses a concern in that it can be separated from scrap material during processing allowing for potential contamination of a scrap company s buildings grounds equipment and residue streams Phosphogypsum production Sanitary or storm water sewers Water treatment Fuel pumps tanks

PDF Natural radioactivity in phosphate rock phosphogypsum and

The concentrations of 238U 226Ra 232Th and 40K maintained in phosphate rock PR phosphoric acid PA and phosphogypsum PG samples and its possible radiation hazards have been measured

Radioactivity of phosphogypsum problems of its utilization Journal

A survey is presented of literature data on the [sup 228]U and [sup 226]Ra content in phosphogypsum PG obtained as by product in the manufacture of extraction phosphoric acid EPA [sup 228]U 3 35 nCi/kg in the raw material can be extracted up to 95% by the dihydrate method under oxidation conditions Blockson Chemical Company

PDF Phosphogypsum in the Circular Economy AAPFCO

• ^Phosphogypsum is a radioactive waste product • ^EPA requires that phosphogypsum be managed in above ground stacks which are designed to keep emissions of radon and other radionuclides in line with acceptable risk practices •The current EPA PG rule allows very little use only in agriculture and restricted by radium 226 concentration

Toxic Chinese Drywall May Contain Radioactive Phosphorus Substance

Homes in Florida Louisiana and other southeastern portions of the country where there is high humidity appear to have been the most affected by the drywall problems The EPA

PDF Natural radioactivity and its radiological implications from

Natural radioactivity and its radiological implications from soils and rocks in Jaintiapur area North east Bangladesh